Il New England Journal of Medicine, il 27 ottobre 2005, pubblicò un articolo di Fitzhugh Mullan intitolato The Metrics of the Physician Brain Drain. I dati, forniti dall’Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità, mostrano che una quota compresa tra il 23 e il 28 per cento dei medici attivi in Australia, Canada, Gran Bretagna e USA, provengano da nazioni a basso reddito. L'articolo sottolinea che (nell’ambito di un programma finanziato dall’Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità) per il trasferimento di un professionista della salute il paese in via di sviluppo eroga al paese accogliente una cifra oscillante tra 200 e 250 mila dollari (per cinque anni). Questo significa che oltre l'impoverimento intellettuale (e alla dispersione dei capitali accumulati con la formazione) i Paesi d'origine devono anche pagare moneta sonante per permettere ai loro figli di espatriare.
The Metrics of the Physician Brain Drain. Results: International medical graduates constitute between 23 and 28 percent of physicians in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia, and lower-income countries supply between 40 and 75 percent of these international medical graduates. India, the Philippines, and Pakistan are the leading sources of international medical graduates. The United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia draw a substantial number of physicians from South Africa, and the United States draws very heavily from the Philippines. Nine of the 20 countries with the highest emigration factors are in sub-Saharan Africa or the Caribbean.
Related link:
Institute for Prospective Technological Studies: Europe and the Challenge of the Brain Drain
The IPTS Report is produced on a monthly basis (except January and August) by the Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (IPTS) of the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission.
About the author. Sami Mahroum has a first degree in Political Science from the University of Oslo and a Masters degree in Science and Technology Policy from the University of Amsterdam. He worked as a Researcher on International Research Collaboration at PREST, University of Manchester, before joining the IPTS to work on issues related to the geography of knowledge flows through human capital. He is now also working towards his Ph.D. on the international mobility of scientists at the department of Geography at University College London.
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